本书处于 开放评论 状态。希望获得来自读者的更多反馈以完善内容。阅读时，如果遇到一些文字内容需要求助，可以采用如下方式与我互动： 先用鼠标选择文本 在释放鼠标左键时将会有 annotate 弹窗，点击弹窗上的 ，如果已经注册的话，可以直接留言评论，否则先注册再留言。 你也可以点击页面右上角的 符号，可以看到其他人的留言评论。

参考文献

Allen, Thelma A. 2016. “Big Data Information.” NIST. https://www.nist.gov/el/cyber-physical-systems/big-data-pwg.

Hey, Toy, Stewart Tansley, and Kistin Tolle. n.d. “The Fourth Paradigm: Data-Intensive Scientific Discovery,” 287.

Lycett, Mark. 2013. “‘Datafication’: Making Sense of (Big) Data in a Complex World.” European Journal of Information Systems 22 (4): 381–86. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2013.10.

Marjanovic, Olivera, and Dubravka Cecez-Kecmanovic. 2017. “Exploring the Tension Between Transparency and Datification Effects of Open Government IS Through the Lens of Complex Adaptive Systems.” The Journal of Strategic Information Systems 26 (3): 210–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2017.07.001.

Materese, Robin. 2017. “Artificial Intelligence.” NIST. https://www.nist.gov/topics/artificial-intelligence.

Mell, Peter M., and Timothy Grance. 2011. “The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing NIST.” Special Publication (NIST SP) - 800-145, September. https://www.nist.gov/publications/nist-definition-cloud-computing.

中国人工智能学会, and 罗兰贝格管理咨询公司. 2017. “2017 中国人工智能系列白皮书-中国人工智能创新应用.” http://www.caai.cn/index.php?s=/Home/Article/detail/id/433.html.

林毅夫, and 董先安. 2003. “信息化，经济增长与社会转型.” 北大中国经济研究中心.

汪淼军, 张维迎, and 周黎安. 2006. “信息技术、组织变革与生产绩效——关于企业信息化阶段性互补机制的实证研究.” 经济研究, no. 01: 65–77. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFD2006&filename=JJYJ200601007&uid=WEEvREdxOWJmbC9oM1NjYkZCbDZZZ2duc0ZCaHo2ekNvK1FLTEFueFBJUWg=$R1yZ0H6jyaa0en3RxVUd8df-oHi7XMMDo7mtKT6mSmEvTuk11l2gFA!!&v=MzAxNDIxTHV4WVM3RGgxVDNxVHJXTTFGckNVUkxLZVorUm5GeTNnVnIzTEx5ZlNaTEc0SHRmTXJvOUZZNFI4ZVg=.

荆宁宁, and 程俊瑜. 2005. “数据、信息、知识与智慧.” 情报科学, no. 12: 1786–90. http://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFQ&dbname=CJFD2005&filename=QBKX200512005&uid=WEEvREcwSlJHSldRa1FhdXNXa0d1RENITGtqU0pUeWxHTk9oRTJlUUY1MD0=$9A4hF_YAuvQ5obgVAqNKPCYcEjKensW4IQMovwHtwkF4VYPoHbKxJw!!&v=MTgxODRkckc0SHRUTnJZOUZZWVI4ZVgxTHV4WVM3RGgxVDNxVHJXTTFGckNVUkxLZVorWm1GeW5uVnIzT05DL0E=.

霍亮, and 朝乐门. 2017. “可视化方法及其在信息分析中的应用.” 情报理论与实践, no. 04 vo 40: 111–16. http://kns.cnki.net/kns/detail/detail.aspx?QueryID=0&CurRec=7&recid=&FileName=QBLL201704020&DbName=CJFDLAST2017&DbCode=CJFQ&yx=Y&pr=&URLID=11.1762.G3.20170414.1146.020.